Hydraulic kis tau tus mob yog ib txoj kev ntawm lub zog hloov dua siab tshiab, kis tau tus mob thiab tswj nrog lub siab kua raws li qhov nruab nrab ua hauj lwm. Hydraulic iav twj tso kua mis yog lub zog hloov hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv hydraulic kis system, uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv engineering, mining, forklift thiab lwm yam machinery.
Hydraulic iav roj twj tso kua mis dynamic, zoo li qub foob feem ntau siv: dynamic foob rotary mechanical foob, roj hmab di ncauj foob; Static seal gasket, O nplhaib thiab sealant, thiab lwm yam. Hydraulic iav twj tso kua mis feem ntau yog siv sab nraud foob (sab hauv siab) rau o-ring foob, foob ciam teb feem ntau yog lub dav hlau hom nplhaib kawg ntsej muag.
1. Sealing thiab to
Sealing yog nruj me ntsis qhov teeb meem ntawm kev kawm, nws yeej tsis muaj tseeb, sealing tshuab tsuas yog daws tau qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tiv thaiv los yog txo qhov to. Hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub cev, tsis muaj qhov sib khi kiag li, thiab qhov sib txawv, txawm li cas los xij me me, tso cai rau cov kua molecules kom muaj cov kab hauv ob qho tib si, piv txwv li hais lus to. Cov qauv xau feem ntau hauv cov tshuab hydraulic yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev khiav dej num, uas tshwm sim raws li cov dej ntws los yog cov dej ntws tawm.
Daim ntawv thiab qhov loj ntawm lub foob sib txawv txawv nyob rau hauv ntau yam sealing tshuab, nrog lub thickness ntawm lub foob interface xws li ntawm {{0}}.1μm mus rau 1mm. Nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag foob, lub foob sib txawv me me, sealing interface txheeb ze zawv zawg, sealing interface dynamic kua zaj duab xis tsim, dynamic kua zaj duab xis thickness feem ntau yog 0.1 ~ 1μm, uas yog, nrog rau roughness thiab roughness ntawm lub sealing interface. Txij li cov roj molecules tsis loj dua li ntawm 1nm (0.001μm), cov kua dej molecules tseem me me txheeb ze rau lub thinnest dynamic daim nyias nyias, thiab to yog inevitable.
2. O-ring sealing mechanism thiab xaiv
2.1. sealing mechanism
O-ring seals nyob rau hauv hydraulic iav twj tso kua mis yog dav siv, cov ntaub ntawv rau roj hmab (los ntawm cov kua sealing lub kaum sab xis los soj ntsuam lub sealing mechanism kuj hu ua elastomer), nws muaj cov nram qab no zoo: (1) tsis tshua muaj elastic modulus E thiab loj puas elongation. (100 feem pua los yog siab dua), uas yog roj hmab adaptive kev ua tau zoo yog muaj zog, tom qab pib lub installation ntawm kev sib cuag kev nyuaj siab nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau npaum li cas; (2) High Poisson tus piv ν nrog rau qhov kev txwv ntawm qhov ze ntawm 0.5 qhia txog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm roj hmab; ③ Nrog qis shear modulus G, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los hloov cov duab tsis hloov ntim, thiaj li hloov mus rau cov kab noj hniav sib txawv.
Lub sealing mechanism ntawm o-ring nyob ntawm qhov elasticity thiab incompressibility ntawm cov khoom thiab lub hav zoov ntawm thawj zaug cuam tshuam los yog precompression. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev dawb, tsuas yog lub sealing ntawm compression thiab symmetrical extrusion nto yog xam. Tom qab O-ring tau sib sau ua ke rau hauv qhov sib khi, ib qho kev thauj khoom δ0 yog tsim rau ntawm qhov chaw tiv tauj ua ntej lub zog. Lub siab ua kua dej ua rau ntawm qhov chaw tawm ntawm lub foob thiab txhawb nqa lub o-ring kom txav mus rau sab qis. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, elastic deformation tau nce ntxiv. Kev sib cuag kev nyuaj siab ntawm lub o-ring nto muaj ib qho kev faib tawm parabolic.
